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- HEALTH, Page 45Danger at 40,000 Feet
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- Frequent flying slightly raises the odds of getting cancer
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- Cosmic rays were once the province of science fiction,
- feared only by space travelers rocketing to unknown worlds. Here
- on earth the danger posed by streams of subatomic particles from
- the sun and stars was considered insignificant. Now that
- assurance has been shaken, at least for those who spend much of
- their lives flying at high altitudes. Last week the Department
- of Transportation reported that radiation penetrating the thin
- metal skins of jetliners can pose a hazard for passengers and
- crews.
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- For the occasional traveler the danger is slight and not
- worth worrying about. But the Government study suggests that
- radiation is causing a small but measurable increase in cancer
- rates among crew members and the most frequent flyers. As a
- result, the Federal Aviation Administration is sending airline
- workers an advisory on the health risks of cosmic radiation.
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- The Government estimates that among 100,000 crew members who
- spend 20 years on an average route, such radiation will cause
- 600 "premature cancer deaths." By comparison, cancer from all
- causes may kill 22,000 of that same group. Frequent travelers
- who spend half as much time in the air as pilots do, or about
- nine hours a week, will incur half the risk. Exposure varies
- dramatically with altitude and proximity to the poles. A year
- spent flying the great-circle route from New York City to Tokyo
- will subject a crew to 30 times the risk of a year of flying
- between Austin and Houston.
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- Pregnant crew members have special concerns. The FAA says
- women who fly throughout the first seven months of pregnancy may
- exceed the recommended radiation doses for fetuses and slightly
- boost the risk of birth defects. Some experts feel such women
- should consider taking leaves or working on less exposed routes,
- especially from the eighth to the 15th week of pregnancy. Others
- emphasize that the radiation is much less hazardous than other
- dangers of everyday life. Says Dr. Wallace Friedberg, head of
- radiobiology at the FAA: "If my wife was a flight attendant and
- pregnant, I would not tell her to stop flying."
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